/* Site 2 — "ordered editorial ink"
   Reference lock: daniel.pizza as the primary direction — porcelain canvas, a
   single grotesque carrying headings and body, structure from rules and
   vertical rhythm rather than containers, 0px radius on controls, 3px on
   images, and — the signature trait — no accent colour at all.
   Borrowed only from Kinfolk: the index-style article list.
   Rejected: cards with backgrounds, shadows, any hue. The moment a colour
   appears the direction collapses into a generic blog.

   Hierarchy therefore has to come from weight, size, rule and space. That is
   the whole discipline of this site. */

:root {
  --porcelain: #e9eaec;
  --porcelain-deep: #dfe1e4;
  --ink: #111827;
  --graphite: #374151;
  --ash: #6b7280;
  --fog: #c4c6c8;
  --hairline: #d3d5d8;

  --sans: ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Inter, system-ui, sans-serif;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;

  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
  --measure: 36rem;
  --wide: 78rem;
  --rail: 13rem;
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { html { scroll-behavior: auto; } }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--porcelain);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 1.0625rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
@media (min-width: 48em) { body { font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.65; } }

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; border-radius: 3px; }

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .18em;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: var(--fog); }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--ink); }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--ink); outline-offset: 2px; }

.skip { position: absolute; left: -9999px; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; padding: .75rem 1rem; }
.skip:focus { left: 1rem; top: 1rem; z-index: 10; }

.shell { max-width: var(--wide); margin-inline: auto; padding-inline: var(--gutter); }

/* ---- Masthead: a rail on desktop, a plain bar on phones ---------------- */

.masthead { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.masthead-inner { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem 1.5rem;
                  align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; padding-block: 1.1rem; }
.wordmark { font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.0625rem; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
            text-decoration: none; }
.nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; font-size: .875rem; }
.nav a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--graphite); }
.nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .18em; }

@media (min-width: 64em) {
  body { display: grid; grid-template-columns: var(--rail) minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .skip { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .masthead {
    grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1 / span 2; border-bottom: 0;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--hairline);
    position: sticky; top: 0; align-self: start; height: 100vh;
    padding: 2.25rem 1.5rem;
  }
  .masthead-inner { display: block; padding: 0; max-width: none; }
  .wordmark { display: block; margin-bottom: 2rem; font-size: 1.125rem; }
  .nav { flex-direction: column; gap: .55rem; }
  main { grid-column: 2; }
  .site-footer { grid-column: 2; }
}

/* ---- Home -------------------------------------------------------------- */

.intro { padding-block: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 5rem) 1.5rem; }
.intro-title { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 4.6vw, 3rem); line-height: 1.12;
               font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.025em; margin: 0 0 .9rem;
               max-width: 20ch; text-wrap: balance; }
.intro-dek { margin: 0; max-width: 50ch; color: var(--graphite); }

.lead-story { padding-block: 2rem; border-block: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.lead-title { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3.2vw, 2.1rem); line-height: 1.18;
              font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin: .4rem 0 .5rem;
              text-wrap: balance; }
.lead-title a, .card-title a, .kicker a, .index-list a, .topic-list a { text-decoration: none; }
.lead-title a:hover, .card-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .16em; }
.lead-dek { margin: 0 0 .6rem; max-width: 54ch; color: var(--graphite); }

.kicker { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
          color: var(--ash); margin: 0; font-weight: 500; }
.meta { font-size: .8125rem; color: var(--ash); margin: 0; }
.section-label { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
                 color: var(--ash); font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
                 padding-bottom: .5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--fog); }
.stream, .topics { padding-block: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem); }

/* Entries are separated by rules, not boxed. No card surfaces anywhere. */
.card-grid { display: grid; gap: 0; }
.card { padding-block: 1.6rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
@media (min-width: 52em) {
  .card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 11rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 1.75rem; align-items: start; }
  .card:not(:has(.card-media)) { grid-template-columns: 11rem minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .card:not(:has(.card-media)) .card-text { grid-column: 2; }
}
.card-media { display: block; margin-bottom: .85rem; }
@media (min-width: 52em) { .card-media { margin-bottom: 0; } }
.card-media img { aspect-ratio: 4/3; object-fit: cover; filter: grayscale(1) contrast(1.05); }
.card:hover .card-media img { filter: grayscale(0) contrast(1); }
.card-title { font-size: 1.1875rem; line-height: 1.25; font-weight: 600;
              letter-spacing: -0.015em; margin: .3rem 0 .35rem; text-wrap: balance; }
.card-dek { margin: 0 0 .45rem; font-size: .9375rem; color: var(--graphite); }

.more { margin-top: 2rem; font-size: .9rem; }
.topic-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.topic-list li { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem;
                 align-items: baseline; padding: .6rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.count { font-size: .8rem; color: var(--ash); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

/* ---- Article ----------------------------------------------------------- */

.post { max-width: var(--measure); margin-inline: auto;
        padding-inline: var(--gutter); padding-block: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 3rem) 0; }
.is-post main { padding-bottom: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 4.5rem); }

.crumbs { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase;
          color: var(--ash); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.crumbs a { text-decoration: none; }

.post-head h1 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 5vw, 2.75rem); line-height: 1.14;
                font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.03em; margin: 0 0 .7rem;
                text-wrap: balance; }
.dek { font-size: 1.08em; color: var(--graphite); margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
       line-height: 1.5; text-wrap: pretty; }
.byline { font-size: .8125rem; color: var(--ash); margin: 0;
          padding-bottom: 1.25rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--fog); }
.byline .author { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }
.sep { margin-inline: .4rem; }

.lede { margin: 1.75rem 0 2.25rem; }
.lede img { aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-fit: cover; }
figcaption, .credit { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ash); margin-top: .45rem; line-height: 1.45; }

.toc { border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
       border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); padding: 1rem 0; margin-bottom: 2.25rem; }
.toc-label { font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase;
             color: var(--ash); margin: 0 0 .5rem; }
.toc ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.1rem; font-size: .9375rem; }
.toc li { margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.toc a { text-decoration: none; }
.toc a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.prose p { margin: 0 0 1.3em; text-wrap: pretty; }
.prose h2 { font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.6vw, 1.5rem); line-height: 1.25; font-weight: 600;
            letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin: 2.5em 0 .65em; padding-top: .9em;
            border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline); text-wrap: balance; }
.prose h3 { font-size: 1.0625em; font-weight: 600; margin: 1.9em 0 .45em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { margin: 0 0 1.3em; padding-left: 1.3em; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: .45em; }
.prose li::marker { color: var(--ash); }
.prose strong { font-weight: 600; }

/* Serif appears only here — a deliberate change of voice for quoted material,
   which is the role the reference gives it. */
.prose blockquote { margin: 2em 0; padding: 0 0 0 1.25rem;
                    border-left: 1px solid var(--fog);
                    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.15em; line-height: 1.45; }
.prose blockquote p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.prose hr { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline); margin: 2.5em 0; }
.prose table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 2em 0;
               font-size: .875rem; line-height: 1.4; }
.prose table :is(th, td) { text-align: left; padding: .65rem .75rem .65rem 0;
                           border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); vertical-align: top; }
.prose th { font-weight: 600; border-bottom-color: var(--fog); }
.prose figure { margin: 2em 0; }
.prose code { font-family: ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; font-size: .85em;
              background: var(--porcelain-deep); padding: .1em .35em; border-radius: 3px; }
.prose pre { background: var(--porcelain-deep); padding: 1rem; overflow-x: auto;
             border-radius: 3px; font-size: .82rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.prose pre code { background: none; padding: 0; }

.faq { max-width: var(--measure); margin: 2.75rem auto 0; padding-inline: var(--gutter); }
.faq h2 { font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 0 0 .9rem;
          padding-bottom: .5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--fog); }
.faq dt { font-weight: 600; margin-top: 1.15rem; }
.faq dd { margin: .3rem 0 0; color: var(--graphite); }

.post-foot { margin-top: 2.5rem; padding-top: 1.1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--fog); }
.author-note, .disclosure-note { font-size: .85rem; color: var(--ash); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 0 .45rem; }

.related { max-width: var(--wide); margin: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4rem) auto 0;
           padding-inline: var(--gutter); border-top: 1px solid var(--fog); padding-top: 2rem; }
.related h2 { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
              color: var(--ash); font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 .5rem; }

/* ---- Lists and footer -------------------------------------------------- */

.list-head { padding-block: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem) 1.5rem; }
.list-head h1 { font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.5rem); font-weight: 600;
                letter-spacing: -0.03em; margin: .25rem 0 .4rem; }
.year { margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.year-label { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
              color: var(--ash); font-weight: 500; margin: 0 0 .6rem;
              padding-bottom: .4rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--fog);
              font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.index-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.index-list li { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .2rem 1rem;
                 justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
                 padding: .6rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.index-list time { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ash); white-space: nowrap;
                   font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }

.site-footer { margin-top: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 5rem); border-top: 1px solid var(--fog);
               padding-block: 2rem 3rem; }
.footer-line { margin: 0 0 .6rem; }
.footer-nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.1rem; font-size: .85rem; margin-bottom: .85rem; }
.footer-fine { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ash); margin: 0; }

/* ---- Topic cluster ------------------------------------------------------
   A cluster article points up to its pillar; the pillar lists the whole set.
   Both directions are load-bearing: the reader gets a way through the subject
   and the subject reads as one body of work rather than scattered posts. */

.series-up {
  font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .8125rem; color: var(--ash);
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem; padding-bottom: .75rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.series {
  margin: 2.75rem 0 0; padding: 0 0 1.25rem; border-top: 2px solid var(--fog);
  
}
.series h2 {
  font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ash); font-weight: 600; margin: 1.25rem 0 1rem;
}
.series-list { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.25rem; }
.series-list li { margin-bottom: .9rem; }
.series-list a { text-decoration: none; font-weight: 500; }
.series-list a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: .16em; }
.series-dek {
  display: block; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .8125rem; line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--graphite); margin-top: .15rem;
}
.checked { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ash); margin: 0 0 .5rem; }